Mary Fraser
F, #36402, b. 1787, d. 29 April 1873
Pearl Fraser
F, #16116, b. 30 June 1891
Phyllis Fraser1
F, #110573, b. 17 July 1914, d. 8 September 1995
Citations
- [S13668] Cemetery Marker, United Church Cemetery, Central Lot 16, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Harry W. Simpson & Phyllis Fraser, tombstone inscription & photograph; documented by David A. Walker.
Rev. John Keir Geddie Fraser1
M, #66648, b. 1864, d. June 1953
Birth* | Rev. John Keir Geddie Fraser was born in 1864.2 |
Marriage License* | Rev. John Keir Geddie Fraser obtained a marriage license on 24 August 1903. John Keir Geddie Fraser of Charleston, South Carolina, USA (B) and Isabel Clark of Alberton, PEI (S).1 |
Marriage* | He married Jane Isabel Clark, daughter of Robert Alder Clark and Mary Jane Wallace, on 23 September 1903, in Alberton, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. The officiating clergyman was Rev. Daniel D. Fraser of St. John, New Brunswick. Witnesses, Rev. W.J.D. Moss, Rev. H.G. Gratz.1,3 |
Death* | Rev. John Keir Geddie Fraser died in June 1953.2,3 |
Burial* | He was buried in the People's Cemetery, Charlottetown, Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Section A-3, stone 237.3 |
Citations
- [S6383] John Keir Fraser & Isabel Clark marriage, in R.G. 19, Vital Statistics, Series 3: Marriage Records, Subseries 4: Marriage License Books, Nov. 1902 - Dec. 1903: PARO - Marriages Index, PARO, Public Archives and Records Office of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Hereinafter cited as R.G. 19, Vital Statistics, Series 3: Marriage Records, Subseries 4: Marriage License Books, Nov. 1902 - Dec. 1903.
- [S362] Harold Cairns, Electronic Family File, Stanley Bridge, Prince Edward Island.
- [S1345] Preserving the Wallace Family 1758-1988, Roy Ashley Wallace, compiler, (Prince Edward Island, Canada: Privately published, after 1988). Hereinafter cited as Preserving the Wallace Family 1758-1988.
Roderick Fraser
M, #36389
Ruth Angeline Fraser1
F, #109229, b. 1911, d. 1989
Name-Com | Ruth Angeline Fraser is commonly known as Ruth Fraser.2 |
Birth* | She was born in 1911 in Alberton, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.2,3 |
Marriage* | She married Charles Robert Brydges, son of Charles Brydges and Alice May Horsman.1,2 |
Death* | Ruth Angeline Fraser died in 1989.2 |
Burial* | She was buried in Greenwood Cemetery, Shediac, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada.4 |
Citations
- [S6480] Cecil Joseph Wallace Jr. & Marilyn Ruth Brydges marriage, 3 May 1958 Personal Archives of David Arthur Walker. PANB F23900, Ref. B4/1958, Number 1819.
- [S12936] Cemetery Marker, Greenwood Cemetery, Pointe-du-Chêne, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Charles Robert Brydges family plot, tombstone inscription & photograph; read by David A. Walker.
- [S12950] Death Registration, New Brunswick, Canada, digital copy of original document PANB microfilm F20858, Registration Number 4014, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, Fredericton, York County, New Brunswick, Canada. Hereinafter cited as Death Registration.
- [S12949] Cemetery Marker, Greenwood Cemetery, Shediac, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Charles Robert Brydges family plot, tombstone inscription & photograph; read by David A. Walker.
Samuel Fraser1
M, #109244, b. circa 1882
Family: Samuel Fraser and Lottie
|
Citations
- [S12951] 1921 Canada Census, , Alberton, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, of Samuel Fraser, digital copy of original document, Library & Archives Canada, Ottawa; Census Place: Miscouche; Reference Number RG 31, Folder Number 104. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Susan Fraser1
F, #112571
Citations
- [S15370] Carlton Frederick Scott & Grace Olivia Heathers, (5 June 1919), Marriage Record, Ontario, Canada, Marriages, 1826-1938 Registrations of Marriages, 1869-1928; Reel #485. Hereinafter cited as Marriage Record.
- [S15371] Ontario, Canada Births, 1858-1913, Archives of Ontario, Grace Olive Heathers entry, digital copy of original document Registrations of Births and Stillbirths - 1869-1913; Series MS929; Reel 153; Record Group; RG 80-2, Archives of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Wanda Adelaide Fraser
F, #104292, b. 7 November 1940, d. 28 September 2015
Wanda Adelaide (Fraser) Cannon.
Name-Com | Wanda Adelaide Fraser is commonly known as Wanda Fraser.1 |
Birth* | She was born on 7 November 1940 in Alberton, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.2 |
Marriage* | She married Joseph Arthur Cannon.3 |
Death* | Wanda Adelaide Fraser died on 28 September 2015, at age 74, in Prince County Hospital, Summerside, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada, 46.418658,-63.777325.2 |
Burial* | She was buried in St. Paul's Roman Catholic Cemetery, Summerside, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.2 |
Citations
- [S9331] Death - Cannon, Todd, Journal Pioneer, Summerside, Prince Edward Island, 23 March 2010. Hereinafter cited as Journal Pioneer.
- [S10376] Death Notices, Moase Funeral Home, Summerside, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.
- [S11862] Cemetery Transcripts, St. Paul's R.C. Church Cemetery, Summerside, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada, transcription, n.pub., n.p., unknown volume, Library of David Arthur Walker,.
Aaron Frazer1
M, #49504, b. 1877
Citations
- [S202] Lorna Burke, Lorna Burke (P.O. Box 71, 6642 Rte. 8, Ludlow, New Brunswick, Canada).
Denis Frazer1
M, #51646
Citations
- [S966] Marjorie (Molly) Jansen, "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin". Unknown comments. Hereinafter cited as "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin."
John Frazer1
M, #51652
Citations
- [S966] Marjorie (Molly) Jansen, "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin". Unknown comments. Hereinafter cited as "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin."
Mary Frazer1
F, #51593, b. circa 1828, d. 23 June 1901
|
- Ann 'Nancy' Nancy McLaughlin+ b. 1850, d. bt 1901 - 1911
- James McLaughlin+ b. c 1852, d. c 1900
- Owen McLaughlin+ b. Dec 1853, d. 14 Nov 1901
- Dennis McLaughlin Sr.+ b. Apr 1859, d. 17 Feb 1908
- Mary 'Wee Mary' McLaughlin+ b. 28 Dec 1860, d. 8 Feb 1925
- John McLaughlin+ b. 1862, d. 26 Apr 1932
- Cecilia 'Jiley' McLaughlin+ b. 26 Feb 1864, d. 17 Apr 1938
- Susan McLaughlin b. 8 May 1865, d. 1890
- Daniel McLaughlin b. 4 Jul 1869, d. 25 Feb 1929
- Patrick McLaughlin+ b. 17 Mar 1872, d. 31 Mar 1951
|
Citations
- [S966] Marjorie (Molly) Jansen, "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin". Unknown comments. Hereinafter cited as "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin."
Owen Frazer1
M, #51650
Citations
- [S966] Marjorie (Molly) Jansen, "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin". Unknown comments. Hereinafter cited as "Compiled Records - The Family of Big Jim McLaughlin."
Valina Anna Frazey
F, #40133, b. 30 May 1857, d. 23 May 1929
Birth* | Valina Anna Frazey was born on 30 May 1857 in Jefferson County, Iowa, U.S.A.. |
| She was the daughter of Enoch Frazey and Mary Elizabeth Collins. |
Marriage* | Valina Anna Frazey married Hiram Whisler, son of Abraham Whisler and Anna Heims, on 17 August 1871, in Jefferson County, Iowa, U.S.A.. |
Death* | Valina Anna Frazey died on 23 May 1929, at age 71, in Tingley, Ringgold County, Iowa, U.S.A.. |
Joseph F. Fredericks1
M, #113938
Citations
- [S16428] Myrna Jamieson & Roger Joseph Fredericks, (12 April 1957), Marriage Record, Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Roll 101167604, Certificate Number 1957009184 Record ID: 9279::27603816. Hereinafter cited as Marriage Record, Virginia.
Abby Freeborn1
F, #80996, b. 12 September 1815
Birth* | Abby Freeborn was born on 12 September 1815. |
Marriage* | She married Seth Russell Anthony on 21 March 1835.1 |
Citations
- [S1799] Thomas W. Bicknell, History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (New York: American Historical Society, Inc., 1920), 243-245. Hereinafter cited as History of the State of Rhode Island.
Eleanor S. Freeborn1,2
F, #75461, b. circa 1837, d. 8 June 1905
Citations
- [S1392] Inc. 2000 Ancestry, "Vital Records of Rhode Island, 1636-1930 (database online)" (Orem, Utah). , 7:29. Hereinafter cited as "Vital Records of Rhode Island, 1636-1930."
- [S1485] 1880 US Census Providence, Providence, Rhode Island,, microfilm Film 1255-211...213, , 493A, unknown repository address, unknown repository.
- [S1631] LDS, "International Genealogical Index, North America" (Salt Lake City, Utah). . Hereinafter cited as "International Genealogical Index."
- [S1392] Inc. 2000 Ancestry, "Vital Records of Rhode Island, 1636-1930 (database online)" (Orem, Utah). , 22:159. Hereinafter cited as "Vital Records of Rhode Island, 1636-1930."
Mary Freeborn1
F, #80945
Citations
- [S1530] Sr. H. Vaughan Griffin, John Vaughan of Newport, Rhode Island (Rutland, Vermont, U.S.A.: Privately Printed, 1976), 18. Hereinafter cited as John Vaughan.
Stephen Freeborn1
M, #82550, b. circa 1779, d. circa 1840
Citations
- [S2043] Cory Family Society. This site contains genealogies of several early Corey/Cory families., online http://www.coryfamsoc.com. Hereinafter cited as Cory Family Society.
Laurence Brownell Freeburn
M, #16732, b. 14 June 1909
Thomas Irwin Freeburn
M, #14035, b. 23 July 1872, d. 3 May 1953
Birth* | Thomas Irwin Freeburn was born on 23 July 1872 in Ware, Massachusetts, U.S.A.. |
Marriage* | He married Elizabeth Etta Brownell, daughter of Willis Peter Brownell and Mary Elizabeth Schurman, on 2 September 1902, in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.. |
Death* | Thomas Irwin Freeburn died on 3 May 1953, at age 80, in Winchester, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, U.S.A.. |
Samuel Freedman
M, #21728
Beulah Benton Freeman1
F, #73690, b. 20 June 1891, d. 27 July 1985
Birth* | Beulah Benton Freeman was born on 20 June 1891 in Harmony Mills, Queens County, Nova Scotia, Canada.1 |
Marriage* | She married Henry Clark Murray on 31 March 1915, in Harmony Mills, Queens County, Nova Scotia, Canada.1 |
Death* | Beulah Benton Freeman died on 27 July 1985, at age 94, in Queens General Hospital, Liverpool, Queens County, Nova Scotia, Canada.1 |
Citations
- [S1320] Maxine Stewart, "Personal communication," e-mail message to David Walker. Hereinafter cited as "Personal Communication."
Catherine Freeman1
F, #45762, b. 6 July 1860, d. 8 October 1939
Birth* | Catherine Freeman was born on 6 July 1860 in Nova Scotia, Canada.3 |
| She was the daughter of Robert Freeman and Evelina Snow.2 |
Marriage* | Catherine Freeman married Rev. Dr. Cecil Frederick Wiggins, son of Rev. Doctor Abraham Van Guelder Wiggins and Helen Diana Townshend, on 15 September 1880, in Jordan Falls, Shelburne County, Nova Scotia, Canada. They were married by Banns in the Anglican Church. Cecil was recorded as being 35 years old, a bachelor, Priest, living in Sackville, born in Prince Edward Island, parents Abram & Helen, Abram "Clerical". Catherine was recorded as being 20 years old, a spinster, (no birth place recorded), living in Jordan, parents Robert & Evelina, Robert a "Ship Merchant". Witnesses were Mary Freeman and Rev. Tho. N. White.1 |
(Witness) Census HeadHousehold | Catherine Freeman was enumerated on the census of 1881 in the household of Rev. Dr. Cecil Frederick Wiggins in Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Included in the household with Cecil (age 36) was his wife Catherine (age 21). Cecil was a priest in the Anglican Church.4 |
(Witness) Census HeadHousehold | Catherine Freeman was enumerated on the census of 16 April 1891 in the household of Rev. Dr. Cecil Frederick Wiggins in Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Included in the household with Cecil (age 45), were his wife Catherine (age 29), children Robert (age 8), Norah (age 6), John (age 4) and Helen (5 months). Cecil was a priest with the Church of England.5 |
(Witness) Census HeadHousehold | Catherine Freeman was enumerated on the census of 1901 in the household of Rev. Dr. Cecil Frederick Wiggins in Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Included in the household with Cecil (age 56), were his wife Catherine (age 40), children Norah (age 16), John (age 14), Helen (age 11) and Heber (age 3). Cecil was a priest with the Church of England.3 |
(Witness) Census HeadHousehold | Catherine Freeman was enumerated on the census of 1911 in the household of Rev. Dr. Cecil Frederick Wiggins in Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Included in the household with Cecil (age 64), were his wife Catherine (age 50), children Helen (age 20) and Reginald (age 13). Cecil was an Anglican clergyman.6 |
Death* | Catherine Freeman died on 8 October 1939, at age 79, in Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada; Obituary: "Widow of Late Rev. Dr. Wiggins Passed Away This Week in Sackville
Mrs. Katherine Wiggins, aged [?] years, passed away in Sackville, N.B. last Sunday. Deceased, who was the widow of the late. Dr. C. F. Wiggins, native of St. Eleanors, P.E.I., and former rector of Sackville Parish, is survived by one daughter, Mrs. F. A. Fisher, Sackville, and two sons. The late Mrs. Wiggins was a native of Shelburne, N.S., and came to Sackville with her husband in 1880 when he became rector of St. Paul's and St. Ann's churches. For many years she took an active interest in church and public welfare work, and was highly esteemed in the communtiy where she lived."7 |
Burial* | She was buried in Rural Cemetery, Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada.2 |
Citations
- [S6591] Cecil F. Wiggins & Catherine Freeman marriage, in Nova Scotia Historical Vital Statistics: 1880, Page 114, Number 83, Nova Scotia Archives & Records Management, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Hereinafter cited as Marriages in Shelburne County, Nova Scotia.
- [S372] "Personal Communication", November 2001, Patricia (Townshend) Alnes, to David Arthur Walker; Personal Archives of Pat (Townshend) Alnes, Norway. Hereinafter cited as "Personal Communication."
- [S6584] 1901 Canada Census - Cecil Frederick Wiggins, Household #73, 1901, Microfilm, Page 7. Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- [S6590] 1881 Canada Census - Cecil Frederick Wiggins, Household #401, 1881, Microfilm, PANB Roll C_13183, Page 86. Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- [S6593] 1891 Canada Census - Cecil Frederick Wiggins, Household #110, 16 April 1891, Microfilm, PANB Roll T-6306, Page 21-22. Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- [S6598] 1911 Canada Census - Cecil Frederick Wiggins, Household #48, 1911, Microfilm, Page 6. Sackville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- [S10086] Widow of Late Rev. Dr. Wiggins Passed Away This Week in Sackville, Summerside Journal, Summerside, Prince Edward Island, Canada, page 2, col. 3. Hereinafter cited as Summerside Journal.
- [S1234] Personal communication Kathy Sheehan, Family records, Personal files.
- [S6599] John Keble Wiggins entry, Death Registration - John Keble Wiggins, Nova Scotia Historical Vital Statistics, Registration Year 1954, Page 5684, Nova Scotia Archives & Records Management, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Hereinafter cited as Death Registration - John Keble Wiggins.
- [S6585] Unknown spouses' names, (25 June 1918), Marriage Registration - Ernest Edwin Melville & Cecilia Wiggins, PANB Microfilm F15977, Ref. B4/1918, #2631 unknown manuscript info. Hereinafter cited as Marriage Registration - Ernest Edwin Melville & Cecilia Wiggins.
Clifton Thomas Freeman
M, #23577, b. 4 November 1904
D H Freeman1
M, #88162, b. circa 1865
Citations
- [S2043] Cory Family Society. This site contains genealogies of several early Corey/Cory families., online http://www.coryfamsoc.com. Hereinafter cited as Cory Family Society.
Dorothy Freeman1
F, #89653, b. circa 1894
Citations
- [S2043] Cory Family Society. This site contains genealogies of several early Corey/Cory families., online http://www.coryfamsoc.com. Hereinafter cited as Cory Family Society.
Edmund Freeman1
M, #105762
Citations
- [S10130] The Descendants of Elder William Brewster, Vol. 24 in the series Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, Descendants of the Pilgrims Who Landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in December 1620, edited by Scott Andrew Bartley by Barbara Lambert Merrick, compiler, (Plymouth, Massachusetts: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 2014), page 80. Hereinafter cited as The Descendants of Elder William Brewster.
Edward Freeman1
M, #79702
Citations
- [S1775] Grace Raymond, The Family of Henry Maham of Blenheim Hill, Schoharie County, New York (n.p.: Mayham Family Reunion Committee, 1950), 36. Hereinafter cited as The Family of Henry Maham of Blenheim Hill.
Elisha Freeman1
M, #55563
Citations
- [S202] Lorna Burke, Lorna Burke (P.O. Box 71, 6642 Rte. 8, Ludlow, New Brunswick, Canada).
Elizabeth Freeman1
F, #43345
Citations
- [S373] Correspondence with Gary Leighton Townshend, (Personal Archives of David Arthur Walker).
Eunice Freeman1
F, #96706, b. circa 1809
Birth* | Eunice Freeman was born circa 1809 in Prince Edward Island.1 |
(Witness) Census HeadHousehold | She was enumerated on the census of 4 April 1881 in the household of Thomas Walker in Lot 28, Prince County, Prince Edward Island. Also listed in the household were his wife Jane (Richards), mother Eunice Walker, and his niece Mary McPherson. The family religion was Church of Scotland. Thomas's occupation was entered as farmer.2 |
(Witness) Census HeadHousehold | Eunice Freeman was enumerated on the census of 16 April 1891 in the household of Thomas Walker in Lot 28, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Also listed in the household were Thomas's wife, Jane (Richards) and his mother, Eunice Freeman. The family religion was Church of Scotland. Thomas was a farmer.1 |
Children of Eunice Freeman
|
|
Citations
- [S3548] 1891 Canada Census, Lot 28, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, family #95 of Thomas Walker, 10 April, 1891, digital copy of original document, LAC microfilm T-6383. District #134, Lot 28, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Page 11. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- [S3551] 1881 Canada Census, Lot 28, Prince Edward Island, household # 79 of Thomas Walker, 4 April 1881, Microfilm, Microfilm C-13162. Lot 28, Prince Edward Island, District Name Prince, Sub-District Lot 28, Page 20. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- [S3545] 1901 Canada Census, Lot 28, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, household #127 of Thomas Walker, 31 March 1901, Microfilm, LAC microfilm T-6510. District Number 133, Subdistrict Number i-1.. Library & Archives Canada, Library & Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Francis Freeman1
M, #79701, b. 25 August 1903
Citations
- [S1775] Grace Raymond, The Family of Henry Maham of Blenheim Hill, Schoharie County, New York (n.p.: Mayham Family Reunion Committee, 1950), 36. Hereinafter cited as The Family of Henry Maham of Blenheim Hill.
George Freeman , Rev.1
M, #80066
Citations
- [S1403] Correspondence with Denise Martelle, 8 May 2000. Unknown repository (unknown repository address).
Jerusha Freeman
F, #12646
John Freeman1
M, #105764
Citations
- [S10130] The Descendants of Elder William Brewster, Vol. 24 in the series Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, Descendants of the Pilgrims Who Landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in December 1620, edited by Scott Andrew Bartley by Barbara Lambert Merrick, compiler, (Plymouth, Massachusetts: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 2014), page 80. Hereinafter cited as The Descendants of Elder William Brewster.
Jonathan Benjamin Freeman1
M, #89006, b. 11 March 1936
Birth* | Jonathan Benjamin Freeman was born on 11 March 1936.1 |
Citations
- [S2043] Cory Family Society. This site contains genealogies of several early Corey/Cory families., online http://www.coryfamsoc.com. Hereinafter cited as Cory Family Society.
Joshua Howard Freeman1
M, #58478, b. 29 November 1886, d. 1928
Citations
- [S1014] Wayne Gunter, "Gunter Family Heritage File" (Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada). . Hereinafter cited as "Gunter Family Heritage File."
Julia Sterdivant Freeman
F, #2648
Lori Freeman1
F, #114927
Citations
- [S17516] Burial Record, Matthew John Konoske, findagrave memorial #240402959. Hereinafter cited as Burial Record, Matthew John Konoske.
Louise Arthena Freeman1
F, #66126, b. 1 April 1918
Citations
- [S202] Lorna Burke, Lorna Burke (P.O. Box 71, 6642 Rte. 8, Ludlow, New Brunswick, Canada).
Rhoda Freeman1
F, #83373, b. 23 March 1773, d. 23 June 1840
Birth* | Rhoda Freeman was born on 23 March 1773 in Woodbridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts.1 |
Marriage* | She married Benjamin Cory, son of Benjamin Cory and Mehitable Heath, on 9 February 1792, in Woodbridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts.1 |
Death* | Rhoda Freeman died on 23 June 1840, at age 67, in Salisbury, Herkimer County, New York.1 |
Citations
- [S2043] Cory Family Society. This site contains genealogies of several early Corey/Cory families., online http://www.coryfamsoc.com. Hereinafter cited as Cory Family Society.
Richard Thomas Freeman
M, #29458, b. 28 September 1931, d. circa 1956
Robert Freeman1
M, #81836
Citations
- [S372] "Personal Communication", November 2001, Patricia (Townshend) Alnes, to David Arthur Walker; Personal Archives of Pat (Townshend) Alnes, Norway. Hereinafter cited as "Personal Communication."